Title:信用证上银行常用的免责条款分析
Posted by:汇业律师事务所
Time: 2011年09月23日
NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF UCP500, IF WE GIVE NOTICE OF REFUSAL OF DOCUMENT PRESENTED UNDER THIS CREDIT WE SHALL HOWEVER APPLICANT AND, SUBJECT TO SUCH WAIVER BEING ACCEPTACLE TO US,TO RELEASE THE DOCUMENTS AGAINST THAT WAIVER WITHOUT REFERENCE TO THE PRESENTER PROVIDED THAT NO WRITTEN INSTRUCTION TO THE CONTRARY HAVE BEEN RECEIVED BY US FROM THE PRESENTER BEFORE THE RELEASE OF DOCUMENTS.ANY SUCH RELEASE PRIOR TO THE RECEIPT OF CONTRARY INSTRUCTION SHALL NOT CONTITUTE A FAILURE ON OUR PART TO HOLD DOCUMENTS AT THE PRESENTER’S RISK AND DISPOSAL,AND WE SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY TO THE PRESENTER IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH RELEASE.
尽管UCP500有规定, 如果海事律师给出了拒付此信用证项下提交的单据的通知,我们仍然将会保留接受开证申请人放弃不符点的(在单据中)权利, 当这样的弃权被我们所接受, 我们将在不通知提交人并依据(申请人放弃不符点的前提)下放单。如果在放单之前没有收到交单人的相反的指示,(我们将放单),任何这样的先于收到相反的指示前的放单应该不构成我方(开证行)在握单上的失误并且风险和责任由提交人承担, 对于这样的释放单据我们对交单人不负责任先看UCP500的规定
第十四条 有不符点的单据与通知事宜
Ⅰ.如开证行及/或保兑行,或代其行事的指定银行,决定拒绝接单据,它必须不延误地以电讯方式通知有关方;如不可能,用电讯方式通知时则以其它快捷方式通知此事,但不得迟于收到单据的翌日起算第七个银行工作日。该通知应发给寄单银行,或者,如直接从受益人处收到单据者,则应通知受益人。
Ⅱ.该通知必须说明银行凭以拒绝接受单据的全部不符点,并说明单据已由本行代为保管听候处理,或将退还给交单人。
Ⅲ.然后,开证行及/或保兑行,便有权向交单行索回已经给予该银行的任何偿付款项及利息
d. i) If the Issuing Bank and/or Confirming Bank, if any, or a Nominated Bank acting on their behalf, decides to refuse the documents, it must give notice to that effect by telecommunication or, if that is not possible, by other expeditious means, without delay but no later than the close of the seventh banking day following the day of receipt of the documents. Such notice shall be given to the bank from which it received the documents, or to the Beneficiary, if it received the documents directly from him.
ii) Such notice must state all discrepancies in respect of which the bank refuses the documents and must also state whether it is holding the documents at the disposal of, or is returning them to, the presenter.
按UCP 500对于有不符点的单据,银行的处理应该是代为保管听候处理,或将退还给交单人。但操作中,考虑到方便交易,于是有个上面的条款,就是如果提交人(受益人)没有预先的指示(也就是说提前指示,如果有不符点的单据请银行代管听候通知或者退单回来的话),只要申请人接受不符点,银行就可以放单了,这样的放单所产生的后果由提交人承担,开证行不承担责任。
所以说性质而言,这就是一个免责条款,不知道这样的解释大家会不会清楚点。另外在UCP 600实施后,也看见有条款,相应地改成了NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF UCP600....
主要针对以下的红色部分所说有了这样的条款,他可以不受红色部分的规定限制,但如果有先前指示就按先前指示(条款D)
UCP600规定
第十六条 不符单据、放弃及通知
c.当按照指定行事的指定银行、保兑行或开证行决定拒绝承付或议付时,必须给予交单人一份单独的拒付通知。
该通知必须声明:
i.银行拒绝承付或议付:及
ii.银行拒绝承付或者议付所依据的每一个不符点:及
iii.a)银行留存单据听候交单人的进一步指示:或者
b)开证行留存单据直到其从申请人处接到放弃不符点的通知并同意接受该放弃,或者其同意接受对不符点的放弃之前从交单人处收到其进一步指示或者
c)银行将退回单据:或者
d)银行将按之前从交单人处获得的指示处理